. . . . . . . . . . . . "[Our results show that: (1) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interferon (IFN)-gamma, synergically stimulate NO production in cultured cholangiocytes through an increase in NOS2 gene and protein expression; (2) micromolar concentrations of NO inhibit forskolin-stimulated cAMP production by adenylyl cyclase (AC), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent fluid secretion, and cAMP-dependent Cl(-) and HCO(3)(-) transport mediated by cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and anion exchanger isoform 2, respectively; (3) cholestatic effects of NO and of proinflammatory cytokines are prevented by NOS-2 inhibitors and by agents (manganese(III)-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin [MnTBAP], urate, trolox) able to block the formation of reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS); (4) NOS2 expression is increased significantly in the biliary epithelium of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).]. Sentence from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine."@en . . . . . "2013-07-24"^^ . . "Gene-disease associations manually curated."@en . "DisGeNET evidence - CURATED"@en . "2014-10-02T12:32:09+02:00"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "v2.1.0.0" . "v2.1.0" .