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    <http://schema.org/description> """This database contains the synchronized sound, current and voltage signals measured at different benchmark transfer modes in gas metal arc welding. The benchmark metal transfer modes include three groups, i.e., contact, free flight and controlled. In each group, there are four modes. In Group 1 (contact transfer), the four modes are pure liquid bridge (1b2), forced contact (1c3), repel globular (1g4) and gasless explosive (1e10). In Group 2 (free flight transfer), the four modes are repel globular (2g4), forces spray (2s2), pure stream (2t2) and gasless explosive (2e10). In Group 3 (controlled transfer), the four modes are pure contact (3c2), forced pulse (3p3), projected spray (3s7) and gasless explosive (3e10). Four samples were welded at each mode, hence there are a total of 3 (group) × 4 (modes in each group) × 4 (sample for each mode) = 48 samples in the database. 

In the experiments, a Lincoln Electric PowerWave C300 welder was used with the torch being positive and the negative cable being connected to the workbench. During welding, the torch was fixed and the workbench was moving at a travel speed that was controlled by a servo motor. A GRAS 40PH free field microphone was hanged 0.6 m above the weld pool to record the welding sound. The microphone was connected to an NI 9234 Sound and Vibration module. An LEM HTA 300-S current sensor was installed around the torch cable to measure the welding current through the torch. The current sensor was connected to an NI 9215 Analogue Voltage Input module.

Both the NI 9234 and NI 9215 modules were installed in an NI cDAQ 9185 chassis, which was connected to a desktop computer. The computer and the data acquisition system was in the black cabinet on the right of the photo in Fig. 6 and therefore is not shown here. A software with a user interface was developed with LabWindows/CVI 2017 to acquire, display and store the signals in synchronisation. The sampling rate for the sound and current/voltage signals are 51.2 kHz and 3.2 kHz, respectively. In the experiments, the pure argon was used as the shielding gas and the diameter of the feeding wire was 0.9 mm. The workpiece metal was carbon steel.
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