@prefix this: . @prefix sub: . @prefix np: . @prefix dct: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix prov: . @prefix npx: . sub:Head { this: np:hasAssertion sub:assertion; np:hasProvenance sub:provenance; np:hasPublicationInfo sub:pubinfo; a np:Nanopublication . } sub:assertion { ""; "Ecology"; a . a ; "the economy" . "Independent Samples Test"; a . a ; "duration of lockdown" . a ; "Sweden" . a ; "economic growth of country" . a ; "lessons learned" . a ; "medicine" . a ; "death" . a ; "investment" . a ; "man" . a ; "health" . a ; "pandemic" . a ; "gross domestic product" . a ; "mortality rate" . a ; "economic growth" . a ; "economy" . a ; "contraction" . a ; "Austria" . a ; "country" . a ; "deterioration of economic system" . a ; "deaths of covid 19" . a ; "relationship" . a ; "Total Environ" . a ; "growth level of gross domestic product" . a ; "health sector" . a ; "Coccia" . a ; "France" . a ; "lockdown" . a ; "lockdown" . a ; "duration" . a ; "sector" . a ; "people" . a ; "deterioration" . a ; "Italy" . a ; "pandemic crisis" . "Total Environ"; a . a ; "Portugal" . a ; "Spain" . "federica.foglini@ismar.cnr.it"; "Federica Foglini"; a . "service-account-enrichment"; a . ; ; "5592"^^xsd:integer; "https://api.rohub.org/api/ros/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac/crate/download/"; ; "2021-12-10 09:57:53.690965+00:00"; "2025-03-05 02:47:41.945223+00:00"; "2021-12-10 09:57:53.690965+00:00"; "How is the relation between duration of lockdown and numbers of infected people and deaths of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and growth level of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in countries? Results here suggest that, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a shorter period of lockdown (about 15 days: Austria, Portugal and Sweden) have average confirmed cases divided by population higher than countries with a longer period of lockdown (about 60 days, i.e., 2 months: France, Italy and Spain); moreover, countries with a shorter period of lockdown have average fatality rate (5.45%) lower than countries with a longer length of lockdown (12.70%), whereas average variation of fatality rate from March to August 2020 (first pandemic wave of COVID-19) suggests a higher reduction in countries with a longer period of lockdown than countries with a shorter duration (-1.9% vs. -0.72%). Independent Samples Test reveals that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown was significantly lower than countries with a longer period of lockdown (5.4% vs. 12.7%, p-value<.05). The Mann-Whitney Test confirms that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown is significantly lower than countries having a longer period of lockdown (U = 0, p-value =.005). In addition, results show that lockdowns of longer duration have generated negative effects on GDP growth: average contraction of GDP (index 2010 = 100) from second quarter 2019 to second quarter of 2020 in countries applying a longer period of lockdown (i.e., about two months) is about -21%, whereas it is -13% in countries applying a shorter period of lockdown of about 15 days (significant difference with Independent Samples Test: t(4) = -2.274, p-value <.085). This finding shows a systematic deterioration of economic system because of containment policies based on a longer duration of lockdown in society. Another novel finding here reveals that countries with higher investments in healthcare (as percentage of GDP) have alleviated fatality rate of COVID-19 and simultaneously have applied a shorter period of lockdown, reducing negative effects on economic system in terms of contraction of economic growth. Overall, then, using lessons learned of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic crisis, this study must conclude that a strategy to reduce the negative impact of future epidemics similar to COVID-19 has to be based on a reinforcement of healthcare sector to have efficient health organizations to cope with pandemics of new viral agents by minimizing fatality rates; finally, high investments in health sector create the social conditions to apply lockdowns of short run with lower negative effects on socioeconomic systems. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."; "application/ld+json"; ; "https://w3id.org/ro-id/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac"; ; "The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system"; "MANUAL"; a , , , , ; "Foglini, Federica. \"The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system.\" ROHub. Dec 10 ,2021. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac." . ; "296"^^xsd:integer; "https://api.rohub.org/api/resources/cc67e177-291a-473f-bc90-cc674b6bdb14/download/"; ; "2021-12-10 09:57:57.350896+00:00"; "2021-12-10 09:57:57.352165+00:00"; "How is the relation between duration of lockdown and numbers of infected people and deaths of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and growth level of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in countries? Results here suggest that, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a shorter period of lockdown (about 15 days: Austria, Portugal and Sweden) have average confirmed cases divided by population higher than countries with a longer period of lockdown (about 60 days, i.e., 2 months: France, Italy and Spain); moreover, countries with a shorter period of lockdown have average fatality rate (5.45%) lower than countries with a longer length of lockdown (12.70%), whereas average variation of fatality rate from March to August 2020 (first pandemic wave of COVID-19) suggests a higher reduction in countries with a longer period of lockdown than countries with a shorter duration (-1.9% vs. -0.72%). Independent Samples Test reveals that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown was significantly lower than countries with a longer period of lockdown (5.4% vs. 12.7%, p-value<.05). The Mann-Whitney Test confirms that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown is significantly lower than countries having a longer period of lockdown (U = 0, p-value =.005). In addition, results show that lockdowns of longer duration have generated negative effects on GDP growth: average contraction of GDP (index 2010 = 100) from second quarter 2019 to second quarter of 2020 in countries applying a longer period of lockdown (i.e., about two months) is about -21%, whereas it is -13% in countries applying a shorter period of lockdown of about 15 days (significant difference with Independent Samples Test: t(4) = -2.274, p-value <.085). This finding shows a systematic deterioration of economic system because of containment policies based on a longer duration of lockdown in society. Another novel finding here reveals that countries with higher investments in healthcare (as percentage of GDP) have alleviated fatality rate of COVID-19 and simultaneously have applied a shorter period of lockdown, reducing negative effects on economic system in terms of contraction of economic growth. Overall, then, using lessons learned of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic crisis, this study must conclude that a strategy to reduce the negative impact of future epidemics similar to COVID-19 has to be based on a reinforcement of healthcare sector to have efficient health organizations to cope with pandemics of new viral agents by minimizing fatality rates; finally, high investments in health sector create the social conditions to apply lockdowns of short run with lower negative effects on socioeconomic systems. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."; "text/plain"; ; "The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system"; "2021-12-10 09:57:57.350896+00:00"; a , . dct:conformsTo ; ; a . 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