https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/Head https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/assertion https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description The freeze-thaw cycle of near-surface soils significantly affects energy and water exchanges between the atmosphere and land surface. Passive microwave remote sensing is commonly used to observe the freeze-thaw state. However, existing algorithms face challenges in accurately monitoring near-surface soil freeze/thaw in alpine zones. This article proposes a framework for enhancing freeze/thaw detection capability in alpine zones, focusing on band combination selection and parameterization. The proposed framework was tested in the three river source region (TRSR) of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Results indicate that the framework effectively monitors the freeze/thaw state, identifying horizontal polarization brightness temperature at 18.7 GHz (TB18.7H) and 23.8 GHz (TB23.8H) as the optimal band combinations for freeze/thaw discrimination in the TRSR. The framework enhances the accuracy of the freeze/thaw discrimination for both 0 and 5-cm soil depths. In particular, the monitoring accuracy for 0-cm soil shows a more significant improvement, with an overall discrimination accuracy of 90.02%, and discrimination accuracies of 93.52% for frozen soil and 84.68% for thawed soil, respectively. Furthermore, the framework outperformed traditional methods in monitoring the freeze-thaw cycle, reducing root mean square errors for the number of freezing days, initial freezing date, and thawing date by 16.75, 6.35, and 12.56 days, respectively. The estimated frozen days correlate well with both the permafrost distribution map and the annual mean ground temperature distribution map. This study offers a practical solution for monitoring the freeze/thaw cycle in alpine zones, providing crucial technical support for studies on regional climate change and land surface processes. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001066 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label A Surface Freeze-Thaw Cycle Detecting Framework Based on Passive Microwave Data for the Alpine Zone: A Case Study of Three River Source Region in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 https://schema.org/about http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199687 https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/pubinfo http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199687 https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/hasLabelFromApi remote sensing - acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2025-10-15T16:24:55.415Z https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasNanopubType http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_001066 https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10747392 https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M http://purl.org/nanopub/x/wasCreatedAt https://nanodash.knowledgepixels.com/ https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromProvenanceTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA7lSq6MuK_TIC6JMSHvLtee3lpLoZDOqLJCLXevnrPoU https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA0J4vUn_dekg-U1kK3AOEt02p9mT2WO03uGxLDec1jLw https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RAukAcWHRDlkqxk7H2XNSegc1WnHI569INvNr-xdptDGI https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA_-u1WDZMlRI3wB8qu_dmae6WSz0PKEF8h6jV1tpxOIk https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxzr6UBGMW6c8tegz0babaledWUEQ0PLDE4tp7Iinbe2DZtAtY5JUptKYuStWDZx+QER4808P8dejNWRnBDzgthYJm/AyNSXflHSJhz2+NC+h7RylOLxbwLEQocmyKKiYxa2gT85m6ajVL2M6TnfG67nnK+K2f7iCGL6wYXRITD1q+7+5SWqBdDXIV921W4IKWaD2GJk+NRBoOqQhbsrk8Tn5XsNd7DMYVHk47oMDGbeBnrOIoRPsbBgAcoCsxxhiB9yN6Lf8EUbnlXVEDzJuZk048L1BDZL+6nkA8btTQGP2ijUFWA7rTrod3LjUDQWLZS95njjl867dtmv/znYkzwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature GowpyekqPEKxr9NNZvCNzZoNtS95orjyYgkSaguaD+dTlfpy4lUa9nlrr8sCMEU883xJSR3epRsxgfsZ7z5dpsjF31PD8vWEJfrf2uoGrOie/RAmb3Xn5pymRtCpEaQxpUlqhfQUyQPQdWkgByKzRfZ8p7CmGDPSYbceExpQVa8AqwIalKtvgYOzwzfo6mcOGwhK4kRTzft8MLsnv1vZfcAh+lnDvGIjEF1Cd4z4US55uQkkpYJzJT5WPbsYgFE9wb4XbmTjZm6T8LuopKh43atLtp3C64M1bxXur6H6+QiNzBKlcXgVByefhyxrl0slgpmSU6la9l+E1nqF137/qg== https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M https://w3id.org/np/RA2DPEHeIM5Td9FtZV-oQ2FuMx2OEv3hdy_YT-vyz_t2M/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742