@prefix this: . @prefix sub: . @prefix beldoc: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix dct: . @prefix dce: . @prefix pav: . @prefix np: . @prefix belv: . @prefix prov: . @prefix go: . @prefix Protein: . @prefix rgd: . @prefix geneProductOf: . @prefix obo: . @prefix occursIn: . @prefix species: . @prefix pubmed: . @prefix orcid: . sub:Head { this: np:hasAssertion sub:assertion; np:hasProvenance sub:provenance; np:hasPublicationInfo sub:pubinfo; a np:Nanopublication . } sub:assertion { sub:_1 geneProductOf: rgd:2019; a Protein: . sub:_2 occursIn: obo:CL_0002368, species:10116; rdf:object sub:_1; rdf:predicate belv:decreases; rdf:subject go:0001666; a rdf:Statement . sub:assertion rdfs:label "bp(GOBP:\"response to hypoxia\") -| p(RGD:Aco1)" . } sub:provenance { beldoc: dce:description "Approximately 61,000 statements."; dce:rights "Copyright (c) 2011-2012, Selventa. All rights reserved."; dce:title "BEL Framework Large Corpus Document"; pav:authoredBy sub:_4; pav:version "20131211" . sub:_3 prov:value "With the use of fibroblasts, hepatoma cells, and macrophages in culture, NO has been shown to increase IRP RNA-binding activity, resulting in increased TfR-1 expression and reduced ferritin translation.1-5 The mechanism behind this increase in IRP RNA- binding activity may be a result of the NO-mediated depletion of cellular iron or the ability of NO to directly disassemble the [4Fe-4S] cluster of IRP-1 to increase RNA-binding activity.1,2 However, these studies con- flict with other investigations involving macrophages showing that inflammation or incubation with interferon /lipopolysaccharide leads to marked NO production that stimulates ferritin synthesis and decreases TfR-1 mRNA levels.6-10 This effect was caused by NO as inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase prevented the response. 10 Moreover, the increase in ferritin and decrease in TfR-1 expression were mediated by IRP-2, evidenced by a marked decrease in its RNA-binding activity.8-10 The findings of recent studies9,10 have suggested that the different effects of NO described above are a result of the various redox-related states of this molecule generated under different conditions, eg, the nitrosonium ion [NO+] and nitric oxide [NO-]. For instance, the effect of NO in mediating increased IRP RNA binding activity may be mediated by NO-; as it avidly binds iron and could result in iron release from IRP-1 and the cell.10 Exposure of macrophages to inflammatory cytokines may generate NO, which then S-nitrosylates IRP-2 and results in its degradation, leading to increased ferritin translation.10 However, further studies are required to confirm this hypothesis, as there is no direct evidence that IRP-2 is S-nitrosylated by NO The effects of hypoxia on iron metabolism can also be at least partly linked to the changes in RNA-binding activity of the IRPs. Indeed, IRP-1 RNA-binding activity has been shown to decrease in macrophages and hepatoma cells during hypoxia,11,12 and these conditions are known to increase ferritin expression.13"; prov:wasQuotedFrom pubmed:12761471 . sub:_4 rdfs:label "Selventa" . sub:assertion prov:hadPrimarySource pubmed:12761471; prov:wasDerivedFrom beldoc:, sub:_3 . } sub:pubinfo { this: dct:created "2014-07-03T14:32:02.316+02:00"^^xsd:dateTime; pav:createdBy orcid:0000-0001-6818-334X, orcid:0000-0002-1267-0234 . }