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primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions these benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including the class to which this drug principally belongs control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management including as appropriate lipid control diabetes management antithrombotic therapy smoking cessation exercise and limited sodium intake many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals for specific advice on goals and management see published guidelines such as those of the national high blood pressure education program s joint national committee on prevention detection evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure jnc numerous antihypertensive drugs from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs that is largely responsible for those benefits the largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk and the absolute risk increase per mmhg is greater at higher blood pressures so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension for example patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal some antihypertensive drugs 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